Rainfall and Reflectivity Levels (note: very region and season specific!)

 

Finding the best Z-R Relationship

• Z/R relationship should be location, season, rain type specific
• Some applicaitons try to calibrate Z/R relationship real-time with the “ground truth” - rain gauge network. However, the raindrops in gauge are never the same as those in radar measurement volume at the same time, so "real time" is relative.
• Calibration best for stratiform rain, not effective in convective cases due to poor representation of rain gauge data to what’s really happening, and to Z variation with height.